The
Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta is a yearly gathering of hot air
balloon enthusiasts from around the world, occurring in Albuquerque, New
Mexico USA, during the first two weeks of October. The event, the largest of
it kind in the world, lasts ten days and includes a fleet of nearly 750 hot
air balloons with pilots from throughout the United States and the world. |
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The
balloon fiesta began as a small gathering of 13 balloons in April of 1972,
organized by Cutter Flying Service owner Sid Cutter. The event was located in
a shopping center parking lot with 20,000 spectators and with balloonists
from Arizona, California, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada and Texas taking
part. The first fiesta was actually a "Roadrunner-Coyote Balloon
Race", with 1 balloon being the "Roadrunner" and the others
being "Coyote" balloons. The winner of the race was the Coyote who
landed closest to the Roadrunner. This race has continued as part of the
Balloon Fiesta today. |
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The
next year Albuquerque hosted the first World Hot-Air Balloon Championships in
February and the fiesta became an international event. In 1975 Albuquerque
was looking at hosting the World Championships again, but the event was
scheduled for October. So the fiesta was moved to correspond with the
championships. To maintain interest in Albuquerque’s bid to host the
championships, a balloon rally was held in February of that year. |
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The
Balloon Fiesta has grown each year, and today is the largest balloon
convention in the world. The number of registered balloons reached a peak of
1,019 in 2000, prompting the Balloon Fiesta Board to limit the number to 750
starting in 2001, citing a desire for "quality over quantity". On
any given day during the festival, up to 100,000 spectators may be on the
launch field where they are provided the rare opportunity to observe
inflation and take off procedures. Countless more people gather at landing
sites all over the city to watch incoming balloons. |
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Part of
the reason for the success of the Fiesta are the cool Albuquerque morning
temperatures in October and the Albuquerque box. The "box" is a set
of predictable wind patterns that can be exploited to navigate the balloons.
At low elevations the winds tend to be southerly, but at higher elevations
they tend to be northerly. Balloonists use these winds to navigate in a
vertical box: they ascend slightly from the launch park, move south, ascend
further, move north, descend, and repeat the box or land back in the launch
park or quite nearby. |
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One of
the biggest events of the fiesta, where all participating balloons launch in
two waves, filling the sky with hundreds of balloons at once. Launch
directors, also known as “zebras” because of their black-and-white-striped
outfits, serve as “traffic cops,” coordinating the launch so balloons leave
the field in a safe and coordinated manner. |
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The
Dawn Patrol began at Balloon Fiesta in 1978, when two California balloonists
developed position lighting systems that allowed them to fly at night. Dawn
Patrol pilots take off before sunrise and fly until it is light enough to see
landing sites. Fellow balloonists appreciate the Dawn Patrol because they can
watch the balloons and get an early idea of wind speeds and directions at
different altitudes. |
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Balloon
Fiesta Park from which the balloons are launched is located on the northern
edge of the city. In 2005, the Anderson-Abruzzo Albuquerque International
Balloon Museum was opened on the grounds, it recounts the last three decades
of the convention as well as a general history of ballooning. |